![]() ![]() Pathologic conditions centered in and around the hippocampus often have similar imaging features.Refractory epilepsy and dementia are the main indications requiring dedicated hippocampal imaging.Knowledge of normal hippocampal anatomy helps recognize anatomic variants and hippocampal pathology.The purpose of this pictorial review is threefold: (1) to review the normal anatomy of the hippocampus on MRI (2) to discuss the optimal imaging strategy for the evaluation of the hippocampus and (3) to present a pictorial overview of the most common anatomic variants and pathologic conditions affecting the hippocampus. The main indications requiring tailored imaging sequences of the hippocampus are medically refractory epilepsy and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging is the preferred imaging technique for evaluating the hippocampus. The hippocampus can be affected by a wide range of congenital variants and degenerative, inflammatory, vascular, tumoral and toxic-metabolic pathologies. The hippocampus is a small but complex anatomical structure that plays an important role in spatial and episodic memory. ![]()
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